了解车载应用库基础知识

git clone https://github.com/android/car-codelabs.git

buildscript {
    ext {
        // All versions can be found at https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/releases/car-app
        car_app_library_version = '1.3.0-rc01'
        ...
    }
}

dependencies {
    ...
    implementation "androidx.car.app:app:$car_app_library_version"
    implementation project(":common:data")
    ...
}

class PlacesCarAppService : CarAppService() {

    override fun createHostValidator(): HostValidator {
        return HostValidator.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTS_VALIDATOR
    }

    override fun onCreateSession(): Session {
        // PlacesSession will be an unresolved reference until the next step
        return PlacesSession()
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <!--
        This AndroidManifest.xml will contain all of the elements that should be shared across the
        Android Auto and Automotive OS versions of the app, such as the CarAppService <service> element
    -->

    <application>
        <service
            android:name="com.example.places.carappservice.PlacesCarAppService"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="androidx.car.app.CarAppService" />
                <category android:name="androidx.car.app.category.POI" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>
    </application>
</manifest>

class PlacesSession : Session() {
    override fun onCreateScreen(intent: Intent): Screen {
        // MainScreen will be an unresolved reference until the next step
        return MainScreen(carContext)
    }
}

class MainScreen(carContext: CarContext) : Screen(carContext) {
    override fun onGetTemplate(): Template {
        val row = Row.Builder()
            .setTitle("Hello, world!")
            .build()
        
        val pane = Pane.Builder()
            .addRow(row)
            .build()

        return PaneTemplate.Builder(pane)
            .setHeaderAction(Action.APP_ICON)
            .build()
    }
}

dependencies {
    ...
    implementation project(path: ':common:car-app-service')
    ...
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<automotiveApp>
    <uses name="template"/>
</automotiveApp>

<application ...>

    <meta-data
        android:name="com.google.android.gms.car.application"
        android:resource="@xml/automotive_app_desc" />

    ...

</application>

dependencies {
    ...
    implementation "androidx.car.app:app:$car_app_library_version"
    ...
}

@Composable
fun ProjectionState(carConnectionType: Int, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
    val text = when (carConnectionType) {
        CarConnection.CONNECTION_TYPE_NOT_CONNECTED -> "Not projecting"
        CarConnection.CONNECTION_TYPE_NATIVE -> "Running on Android Automotive OS"
        CarConnection.CONNECTION_TYPE_PROJECTION -> "Projecting"
        else -> "Unknown connection type"
    }

    Text(
        text = text,
        style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
        modifier = modifier
    )
}

setContent {
    val carConnectionType by CarConnection(this).type.observeAsState(initial = -1)
    PlacesTheme {
        // A surface container using the 'background' color from the theme
        Surface(
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.background
        ) {
            Column {
                Text(
                    text = "Places",
                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.displayLarge,
                    modifier = Modifier.padding(8.dp)
                )
                ProjectionState(
                    carConnectionType = carConnectionType,
                    modifier = Modifier.padding(8.dp)
                )
                PlaceList(places = PlacesRepository().getPlaces())
            }
        }
    }
}

Error: [type: null, cause: null, debug msg: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Min API level not declared in manifest (androidx.car.app.minCarApiLevel)
        at androidx.car.app.AppInfo.retrieveMinCarAppApiLevel(AppInfo.java:143)
        at androidx.car.app.AppInfo.create(AppInfo.java:91)
        at androidx.car.app.CarAppService.getAppInfo(CarAppService.java:380)
        at androidx.car.app.CarAppBinder.getAppInfo(CarAppBinder.java:255)
        at androidx.car.app.ICarApp$Stub.onTransact(ICarApp.java:182)
        at android.os.Binder.execTransactInternal(Binder.java:1285)
        at android.os.Binder.execTransact(Binder.java:1244)
]

<application>
    <meta-data
        android:name="androidx.car.app.minCarApiLevel"
        android:value="1" />
    <service android:name="com.example.places.carappservice.PlacesCarAppService" ...>
        ...
    </service>
</application>

dependencies {
    ...
    implementation project(':common:car-app-service')
    implementation "androidx.car.app:app-automotive:$car_app_library_version"
    ...
}

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.type.automotive"
        android:required="true" />
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.software.car.templates_host"
        android:required="true" />
    ...
</manifest>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    ...
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.wifi"
        android:required="false" />
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.screen.portrait"
        android:required="false" />
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.screen.landscape"
        android:required="false" />
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.camera"
        android:required="false" />
    ...
</manifest>

<application>
    ...
    <meta-data android:name="com.android.automotive"
        android:resource="@xml/automotive_app_desc"/>
    ...
</application>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    ...
    <application ...>
        ...
        <activity
            android:name="androidx.car.app.activity.CarAppActivity"
            android:exported="true"
            android:launchMode="singleTask"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.DeviceDefault.NoActionBar">

            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>

            <meta-data
                android:name="distractionOptimized"
                android:value="true" />
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>

override fun onGetTemplate(): Template {
    val placesRepository = PlacesRepository()
    val itemListBuilder = ItemList.Builder()
        .setNoItemsMessage("No places to show")

    placesRepository.getPlaces()
        .forEach {
            itemListBuilder.addItem(
                Row.Builder()
                    .setTitle(it.name)
                    // Each item in the list *must* have a DistanceSpan applied to either the title
                    // or one of the its lines of text (to help drivers make decisions)
                    .addText(SpannableString(" ").apply {
                        setSpan(
                            DistanceSpan.create(
                                Distance.create(Math.random() * 100, Distance.UNIT_KILOMETERS)
                            ), 0, 1, Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE
                        )
                    })
                    .setOnClickListener { TODO() }
                    // Setting Metadata is optional, but is required to automatically show the
                    // item's location on the provided map
                    .setMetadata(
                        Metadata.Builder()
                            .setPlace(Place.Builder(CarLocation.create(it.latitude, it.longitude))
                                // Using the default PlaceMarker indicates that the host should
                                // decide how to style the pins it shows on the map/in the list
                                .setMarker(PlaceMarker.Builder().build())
                                .build())
                            .build()
                    ).build()
            )
        }

    return PlaceListMapTemplate.Builder()
        .setTitle("Places")
        .setItemList(itemListBuilder.build())
        .build()
}

java.lang.SecurityException: The car app does not have a required permission: androidx.car.app.MAP_TEMPLATES
        at android.os.Parcel.createExceptionOrNull(Parcel.java:2373)
        at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:2357)
        at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2340)
        at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2282)
        ...

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <uses-permission android:name="androidx.car.app.MAP_TEMPLATES" />
    ...
</manifest>

class DetailScreen(carContext: CarContext, private val placeId: Int) : Screen(carContext) {

    override fun onGetTemplate(): Template {
        val place = PlacesRepository().getPlace(placeId)
            ?: return MessageTemplate.Builder("Place not found")
                .setHeaderAction(Action.BACK)
                .build()

        val navigateAction = Action.Builder()
            .setTitle("Navigate")
            .setIcon(
                CarIcon.Builder(
                    IconCompat.createWithResource(
                        carContext,
                        R.drawable.baseline_navigation_24
                    )
                ).build()
            )
            // Only certain intent actions are supported by `startCarApp`. Check its documentation
            // for all of the details. To open another app that can handle navigating to a location
            // you must use the CarContext.ACTION_NAVIGATE action and not Intent.ACTION_VIEW like
            // you might on a phone.
            .setOnClickListener {  carContext.startCarApp(place.toIntent(CarContext.ACTION_NAVIGATE)) }
            .build()

        return PaneTemplate.Builder(
            Pane.Builder()
                .addAction(navigateAction)
                .addRow(
                    Row.Builder()
                        .setTitle("Coordinates")
                        .addText("${place.latitude}, ${place.longitude}")
                        .build()
                ).addRow(
                    Row.Builder()
                        .setTitle("Description")
                        .addText(place.description)
                        .build()
                ).build()
        )
            .setTitle(place.name)
            .setHeaderAction(Action.BACK)
            .build()
    }
}

Row.Builder()
    ...
    .setOnClickListener { screenManager.push(DetailScreen(carContext, it.id)) }
    ...

class DetailScreen(carContext: CarContext, private val placeId: Int) : Screen(carContext) {
    private var isFavorite = false
    ...
}

val navigateAction = ...

val actionStrip = ActionStrip.Builder()
    .addAction(
        Action.Builder()
            .setIcon(
                CarIcon.Builder(
                    IconCompat.createWithResource(
                        carContext,
                        R.drawable.baseline_favorite_24
                    )
                ).setTint(
                    if (isFavorite) CarColor.RED else CarColor.createCustom(
                        Color.LTGRAY,
                        Color.DKGRAY
                    )
                ).build()
            )
            .setOnClickListener {
                isFavorite = !isFavorite
            }.build()
    )
    .build()

...

return PaneTemplate.Builder(...)
    ...
    .setActionStrip(actionStrip)
    .build()

.setOnClickListener {
    isFavorite = !isFavorite
    // Request that `onGetTemplate` be called again so that updates to the
    // screen's state can be picked up
    invalidate()
}