使用 WorkManager 执行后台任务

$ git clone https://github.com/google-developer-training/basic-android-kotlin-compose-training-workmanager.git
$ cd basic-android-kotlin-compose-training-workmanager
$ git checkout starter

dependencies {
    // WorkManager dependency
    implementation("androidx.work:work-runtime-ktx:2.8.1")
}

import androidx.work.CoroutineWorker
import androidx.work.WorkerParameters
import android.content.Context

class BlurWorker(ctx: Context, params: WorkerParameters) : CoroutineWorker(ctx, params) {
}

private const val TAG = "BlurWorker"

class BlurWorker(ctx: Context, params: WorkerParameters) : CoroutineWorker(ctx, params) {
... 

import com.example.bluromatic.R
...
override suspend fun doWork(): Result {

    makeStatusNotification(
        applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.blurring_image),
        applicationContext
    )
...

...
        makeStatusNotification(
            applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.blurring_image),
            applicationContext
        )

        return try {
        } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
        }
...

...
        makeStatusNotification(
            applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.blurring_image),
            applicationContext
        )

        return try {
            Result.success()
        } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
            Result.failure()
        }
...

...
        return try {
            val picture = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
                applicationContext.resources,
                R.drawable.android_cupcake
            )

            Result.success()
...

...
            val picture = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
                applicationContext.resources,
                R.drawable.android_cupcake
            )

            val output = blurBitmap(picture, 1)

            Result.success()
...

...
            val output = blurBitmap(picture, 1)

            // Write bitmap to a temp file
            val outputUri = writeBitmapToFile(applicationContext, output)

            Result.success()
...

...
            val outputUri = writeBitmapToFile(applicationContext, output)

            makeStatusNotification(
                "Output is $outputUri",
                applicationContext
            )

            Result.success()
...

...
        } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
            Log.e(
                TAG,
                applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.error_applying_blur),
                throwable
            )
            Result.failure()
        }
...

...
        return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {

            return try {
                // ...
            } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
                // ...
            }
        }
...

...
            //return try {
            return@withContext try {
...

import com.example.bluromatic.DELAY_TIME_MILLIS
import kotlinx.coroutines.delay

...
        return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {

            // This is an utility function added to emulate slower work.
            delay(DELAY_TIME_MILLIS)


                val picture = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
...

import androidx.work.WorkManager
...
class WorkManagerBluromaticRepository(context: Context) : BluromaticRepository {

    // New code
    private val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(context)
...

import com.example.bluromatic.workers.BlurWorker
import androidx.work.OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder
...
override fun applyBlur(blurLevel: Int) {
    // Create WorkRequest to blur the image
    val blurBuilder = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder<BlurWorker>()
}

import com.example.bluromatic.workers.BlurWorker
import androidx.work.OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder
...
override fun applyBlur(blurLevel: Int) {
    // Create WorkRequest to blur the image
    val blurBuilder = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder<BlurWorker>()

    // Start the work
    workManager.enqueue(blurBuilder.build())
}

import com.example.bluromatic.getImageUri
...
class WorkManagerBluromaticRepository(context: Context) : BluromaticRepository {

    private var imageUri: Uri = context.getImageUri() // <- Add this
    private val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(context)
...

// For reference - already exists in the app
private fun createInputDataForWorkRequest(blurLevel: Int, imageUri: Uri): Data {
    val builder = Data.Builder()
    builder.putString(KEY_IMAGE_URI, imageUri.toString()).putInt(BLUR_LEVEL, blurLevel)
    return builder.build()
}

override fun applyBlur(blurLevel: Int) {
     // Create WorkRequest to blur the image
    val blurBuilder = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder<BlurWorker>()

    // New code for input data object
    blurBuilder.setInputData(createInputDataForWorkRequest(blurLevel, imageUri))

    workManager.enqueue(blurBuilder.build())
}

import com.example.bluromatic.KEY_BLUR_LEVEL
import com.example.bluromatic.KEY_IMAGE_URI
...
override fun doWork(): Result {

    // ADD THESE LINES
    val resourceUri = inputData.getString(KEY_IMAGE_URI)
    val blurLevel = inputData.getInt(KEY_BLUR_LEVEL, 1)

    // ... rest of doWork()
}

return@withContext try {
    // NEW code
    require(!resourceUri.isNullOrBlank()) {
        val errorMessage =
            applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.invalid_input_uri)
            Log.e(TAG, errorMessage)
            errorMessage
    }

...
    require(!resourceUri.isNullOrBlank()) {
        // ...
    }
    val resolver = applicationContext.contentResolver
...

import android.net.Uri
...
//     val picture = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
//         applicationContext.resources,
//         R.drawable.android_cupcake
//     )

    val resolver = applicationContext.contentResolver

    val picture = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(
        resolver.openInputStream(Uri.parse(resourceUri))
    )

//val output = blurBitmap(picture, 1)
val output = blurBitmap(picture, blurLevel)

import androidx.work.workDataOf
// ...
val outputData = workDataOf(KEY_IMAGE_URI to outputUri.toString())

//Result.success()
Result.success(outputData)

// REMOVE the following notification code
//makeStatusNotification(
//    "Output is $outputUri",
//    applicationContext
//)

package com.example.bluromatic.workers

import android.content.Context
import android.util.Log
import androidx.work.CoroutineWorker
import androidx.work.WorkerParameters
import com.example.bluromatic.DELAY_TIME_MILLIS
import com.example.bluromatic.OUTPUT_PATH
import com.example.bluromatic.R
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
import java.io.File

/**
 * Cleans up temporary files generated during blurring process
 */
private const val TAG = "CleanupWorker"

class CleanupWorker(ctx: Context, params: WorkerParameters) : CoroutineWorker(ctx, params) {

    override suspend fun doWork(): Result {
        /** Makes a notification when the work starts and slows down the work so that it's easier
         * to see each WorkRequest start, even on emulated devices
         */
        makeStatusNotification(
            applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.cleaning_up_files),
            applicationContext
        )

        return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
            delay(DELAY_TIME_MILLIS)

            return@withContext try {
                val outputDirectory = File(applicationContext.filesDir, OUTPUT_PATH)
                if (outputDirectory.exists()) {
                    val entries = outputDirectory.listFiles()
                    if (entries != null) {
                        for (entry in entries) {
                            val name = entry.name
                            if (name.isNotEmpty() && name.endsWith(".png")) {
                                val deleted = entry.delete()
                                Log.i(TAG, "Deleted $name - $deleted")
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                Result.success()
            } catch (exception: Exception) {
                Log.e(
                    TAG,
                    applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.error_cleaning_file),
                    exception
                )
                Result.failure()
            }
        }
    }
}

package com.example.bluromatic.workers

import android.content.Context
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
import android.net.Uri
import android.provider.MediaStore
import android.util.Log
import androidx.work.CoroutineWorker
import androidx.work.WorkerParameters
import androidx.work.workDataOf
import com.example.bluromatic.DELAY_TIME_MILLIS
import com.example.bluromatic.KEY_IMAGE_URI
import com.example.bluromatic.R
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.util.Locale
import java.util.Date

/**
 * Saves the image to a permanent file
 */
private const val TAG = "SaveImageToFileWorker"

class SaveImageToFileWorker(ctx: Context, params: WorkerParameters) : CoroutineWorker(ctx, params) {

    private val title = "Blurred Image"
    private val dateFormatter = SimpleDateFormat(
        "yyyy.MM.dd 'at' HH:mm:ss z",
        Locale.getDefault()
    )

    override suspend fun doWork(): Result {
        // Makes a notification when the work starts and slows down the work so that
        // it's easier to see each WorkRequest start, even on emulated devices
        makeStatusNotification(
            applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.saving_image),
            applicationContext
        )

        return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
            delay(DELAY_TIME_MILLIS)

            val resolver = applicationContext.contentResolver
            return@withContext try {
                val resourceUri = inputData.getString(KEY_IMAGE_URI)
                val bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(
                    resolver.openInputStream(Uri.parse(resourceUri))
                )
                val imageUrl = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(
                    resolver, bitmap, title, dateFormatter.format(Date())
                )
                if (!imageUrl.isNullOrEmpty()) {
                    val output = workDataOf(KEY_IMAGE_URI to imageUrl)

                    Result.success(output)
                } else {
                    Log.e(
                        TAG,
                        applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.writing_to_mediaStore_failed)
                    )
                    Result.failure()
                }
            } catch (exception: Exception) {
                Log.e(
                    TAG,
                    applicationContext.resources.getString(R.string.error_saving_image),
                    exception
                )
                Result.failure()
            }
        }
    }
}

import androidx.work.OneTimeWorkRequest
import com.example.bluromatic.workers.CleanupWorker
// ...
    override fun applyBlur(blurLevel: Int) {
        // Add WorkRequest to Cleanup temporary images
        var continuation = workManager.beginWith(OneTimeWorkRequest.from(CleanupWorker::class.java))

        // Add WorkRequest to blur the image
        val blurBuilder = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder<BlurWorker>()
...

...
//workManager.enqueue(blurBuilder.build())

// Add the blur work request to the chain
continuation = continuation.then(blurBuilder.build())
...

import com.example.bluromatic.workers.SaveImageToFileWorker

...
continuation = continuation.then(blurBuilder.build())

// Add WorkRequest to save the image to the filesystem
val save = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilder<SaveImageToFileWorker>()
    .build()
continuation = continuation.then(save)
...

...
continuation = continuation.then(save)

// Start the work
continuation.enqueue()
...

$ git clone https://github.com/google-developer-training/basic-android-kotlin-compose-training-workmanager.git
$ cd basic-android-kotlin-compose-training-workmanager
$ git checkout intermediate