Android Room 与视图 - Kotlin

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
    id 'kotlin-android'
    id 'kotlin-kapt'
}

android {
    // other configuration (buildTypes, defaultConfig, etc.)

    packagingOptions {
        exclude 'META-INF/atomicfu.kotlin_module'
    }

    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = "1.8"
    }

}

dependencies {
    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:$rootProject.appCompatVersion"
    implementation "androidx.activity:activity-ktx:$rootProject.activityVersion"

    // Dependencies for working with Architecture components
    // You'll probably have to update the version numbers in build.gradle (Project)

    // Room components
    implementation "androidx.room:room-ktx:$rootProject.roomVersion"
    kapt "androidx.room:room-compiler:$rootProject.roomVersion"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.room:room-testing:$rootProject.roomVersion"

    // Lifecycle components
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$rootProject.lifecycleVersion"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:$rootProject.lifecycleVersion"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:$rootProject.lifecycleVersion"

    // Kotlin components
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
    api "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:$rootProject.coroutines"
    api "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:$rootProject.coroutines"

    // UI
    implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:$rootProject.constraintLayoutVersion"
    implementation "com.google.android.material:material:$rootProject.materialVersion"

    // Testing
    testImplementation "junit:junit:$rootProject.junitVersion"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$rootProject.coreTestingVersion"
    androidTestImplementation ("androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:$rootProject.espressoVersion", {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:$rootProject.androidxJunitVersion"
}

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.5.31'

    ...
}
ext {
    activityVersion = '1.4.0'
    appCompatVersion = '1.4.0'
    constraintLayoutVersion = '2.1.2'
    coreTestingVersion = '2.1.0'
    coroutines = '1.5.2'
    lifecycleVersion = '2.4.0'
    materialVersion = '1.4.0'
    roomVersion = '2.3.0'
    // testing
    junitVersion = '4.13.2'
    espressoVersion = '3.4.0'
    androidxJunitVersion = '1.1.3'
}

data class Word(val word: String)

@Entity(tableName = "word_table")
class Word(@PrimaryKey @ColumnInfo(name = "word") val word: String)

@Entity(tableName = "word_table")
class Word(

    @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true) val id: Int,
    @ColumnInfo(name = "word") val word: String

)

@Dao
interface WordDao {

    @Query("SELECT * FROM word_table ORDER BY word ASC")
    fun getAlphabetizedWords(): List<Word>

    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.IGNORE)
    suspend fun insert(word: Word)

    @Query("DELETE FROM word_table")
    suspend fun deleteAll()
}

   @Query("SELECT * FROM word_table ORDER BY word ASC")
   fun getAlphabetizedWords(): Flow<List<Word>>

// Annotates class to be a Room Database with a table (entity) of the Word class
@Database(entities = arrayOf(Word::class), version = 1, exportSchema = false)
public abstract class WordRoomDatabase : RoomDatabase() {

   abstract fun wordDao(): WordDao

   companion object {
        // Singleton prevents multiple instances of database opening at the
        // same time. 
        @Volatile
        private var INSTANCE: WordRoomDatabase? = null

        fun getDatabase(context: Context): WordRoomDatabase {
            // if the INSTANCE is not null, then return it,
            // if it is, then create the database
            return INSTANCE ?: synchronized(this) {
                val instance = Room.databaseBuilder(
                        context.applicationContext,
                        WordRoomDatabase::class.java, 
                        "word_database"
                    ).build()
                INSTANCE = instance
                // return instance
                instance
            }
        }
   }
}

// Declares the DAO as a private property in the constructor. Pass in the DAO
// instead of the whole database, because you only need access to the DAO
class WordRepository(private val wordDao: WordDao) {

    // Room executes all queries on a separate thread.
    // Observed Flow will notify the observer when the data has changed.
    val allWords: Flow<List<Word>> = wordDao.getAlphabetizedWords()

    // By default Room runs suspend queries off the main thread, therefore, we don't need to
    // implement anything else to ensure we're not doing long running database work
    // off the main thread.
    @Suppress("RedundantSuspendModifier")
    @WorkerThread
    suspend fun insert(word: Word) {
        wordDao.insert(word)
    }
}

class WordViewModel(private val repository: WordRepository) : ViewModel() {

    // Using LiveData and caching what allWords returns has several benefits:
    // - We can put an observer on the data (instead of polling for changes) and only update the
    //   the UI when the data actually changes.
    // - Repository is completely separated from the UI through the ViewModel.
    val allWords: LiveData<List<Word>> = repository.allWords.asLiveData()

    /**
     * Launching a new coroutine to insert the data in a non-blocking way
     */
    fun insert(word: Word) = viewModelScope.launch {
        repository.insert(word)
    }
}

class WordViewModelFactory(private val repository: WordRepository) : ViewModelProvider.Factory {
    override fun <T : ViewModel> create(modelClass: Class<T>): T {
        if (modelClass.isAssignableFrom(WordViewModel::class.java)) {
            @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
            return WordViewModel(repository) as T
        }
        throw IllegalArgumentException("Unknown ViewModel class")
    }
}

<resources>

    <!-- Base application theme. -->
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.Light.DarkActionBar">
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
        <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
    </style>

    <!-- The default font for RecyclerView items is too small.
    The margin is a simple delimiter between the words. -->
    <style name="word_title">
        <item name="android:layout_marginBottom">8dp</item>
        <item name="android:paddingLeft">8dp</item>
        <item name="android:background">@android:color/holo_orange_light</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearance">@android:style/TextAppearance.Large</item>
    </style>
</resources>

<dimen name="big_padding">16dp</dimen>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        style="@style/word_title"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light" />
</LinearLayout>

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recyclerview"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        tools:listitem="@layout/recyclerview_item"
        android:padding="@dimen/big_padding"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton
        android:id="@+id/fab"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="16dp"
        android:contentDescription="@string/add_word"/>

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

<com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton
        android:id="@+id/fab"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="16dp"
        android:contentDescription="@string/add_word"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_add_black_24dp"/>

class WordListAdapter : ListAdapter<Word, WordViewHolder>(WordsComparator()) {

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): WordViewHolder {
        return WordViewHolder.create(parent)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: WordViewHolder, position: Int) {
        val current = getItem(position)
        holder.bind(current.word)
    }

    class WordViewHolder(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {
        private val wordItemView: TextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.textView)

        fun bind(text: String?) {
            wordItemView.text = text
        }

        companion object {
            fun create(parent: ViewGroup): WordViewHolder {
                val view: View = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context)
                    .inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_item, parent, false)
                return WordViewHolder(view)
            }
        }
    }

    class WordsComparator : DiffUtil.ItemCallback<Word>() {
        override fun areItemsTheSame(oldItem: Word, newItem: Word): Boolean {
            return oldItem === newItem
        }

        override fun areContentsTheSame(oldItem: Word, newItem: Word): Boolean {
            return oldItem.word == newItem.word
        }
    }
}

   val recyclerView = findViewById<RecyclerView>(R.id.recyclerview)
   val adapter = WordListAdapter()
   recyclerView.adapter = adapter
   recyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)

class WordsApplication : Application() {
    // Using by lazy so the database and the repository are only created when they're needed
    // rather than when the application starts
    val database by lazy { WordRoomDatabase.getDatabase(this) }
    val repository by lazy { WordRepository(database.wordDao()) }
}

<application
        android:name=".WordsApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
...

fun getDatabase(
       context: Context,
       scope: CoroutineScope
  ): WordRoomDatabase {
...
}

class WordsApplication : Application() {
    // No need to cancel this scope as it'll be torn down with the process
    val applicationScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob())

    // Using by lazy so the database and the repository are only created when they're needed
    // rather than when the application starts
    val database by lazy { WordRoomDatabase.getDatabase(this, applicationScope) }
    val repository by lazy { WordRepository(database.wordDao()) }
}

private class WordDatabaseCallback(
    private val scope: CoroutineScope
) : RoomDatabase.Callback() {

    override fun onCreate(db: SupportSQLiteDatabase) {
        super.onCreate(db)
        INSTANCE?.let { database ->
            scope.launch {
                populateDatabase(database.wordDao())
            }
        }
    }

    suspend fun populateDatabase(wordDao: WordDao) {
        // Delete all content here.
        wordDao.deleteAll()

        // Add sample words.
        var word = Word("Hello")
        wordDao.insert(word)
        word = Word("World!")
        wordDao.insert(word)

        // TODO: Add your own words!
    }
}

.addCallback(WordDatabaseCallback(scope))

@Database(entities = arrayOf(Word::class), version = 1, exportSchema = false)
abstract class WordRoomDatabase : RoomDatabase() {

   abstract fun wordDao(): WordDao

   private class WordDatabaseCallback(
       private val scope: CoroutineScope
   ) : RoomDatabase.Callback() {

       override fun onCreate(db: SupportSQLiteDatabase) {
           super.onCreate(db)
           INSTANCE?.let { database ->
               scope.launch {
                   var wordDao = database.wordDao()

                   // Delete all content here.
                   wordDao.deleteAll()

                   // Add sample words.
                   var word = Word("Hello")
                   wordDao.insert(word)
                   word = Word("World!")
                   wordDao.insert(word)

                   // TODO: Add your own words!
                   word = Word("TODO!")
                   wordDao.insert(word)
               }
           }
       }
   }

   companion object {
       @Volatile
       private var INSTANCE: WordRoomDatabase? = null

       fun getDatabase(
           context: Context,
           scope: CoroutineScope
       ): WordRoomDatabase {
            // if the INSTANCE is not null, then return it,
            // if it is, then create the database
            return INSTANCE ?: synchronized(this) {
                val instance = Room.databaseBuilder(
                        context.applicationContext,
                        WordRoomDatabase::class.java,
                        "word_database"
                )
                 .addCallback(WordDatabaseCallback(scope))
                 .build()
                INSTANCE = instance
                // return instance
                instance
        }
     }
   }
}

<string name="hint_word">Word...</string>
<string name="button_save">Save</string>
<string name="empty_not_saved">Word not saved because it is empty.</string>
<string name="add_word">Add word</string>

<color name="buttonLabel">#FFFFFF</color>

<dimen name="min_height">48dp</dimen>

<activity android:name=".NewWordActivity"></activity>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/edit_word"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:minHeight="@dimen/min_height"
        android:fontFamily="sans-serif-light"
        android:hint="@string/hint_word"
        android:inputType="textAutoComplete"
        android:layout_margin="@dimen/big_padding"
        android:textSize="18sp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_save"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
        android:text="@string/button_save"
        android:layout_margin="@dimen/big_padding"
        android:textColor="@color/buttonLabel" />

</LinearLayout>

class NewWordActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private lateinit var editWordView: EditText

    public override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_new_word)
        editWordView = findViewById(R.id.edit_word)

        val button = findViewById<Button>(R.id.button_save)
        button.setOnClickListener {
            val replyIntent = Intent()
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(editWordView.text)) {
                setResult(Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, replyIntent)
            } else {
                val word = editWordView.text.toString()
                replyIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_REPLY, word)
                setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, replyIntent)
            }
            finish()
        }
    }

    companion object {
        const val EXTRA_REPLY = "com.example.android.wordlistsql.REPLY"
    }
}

private val wordViewModel: WordViewModel by viewModels {
    WordViewModelFactory((application as WordsApplication).repository)
}

wordViewModel.allWords.observe(this, Observer { words ->
            // Update the cached copy of the words in the adapter.
            words?.let { adapter.submitList(it) }
})

private val newWordActivityRequestCode = 1

override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)

    if (requestCode == newWordActivityRequestCode && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        data?.getStringExtra(NewWordActivity.EXTRA_REPLY)?.let {
            val word = Word(it)
            wordViewModel.insert(word)
        }
    } else {
        Toast.makeText(
            applicationContext,
            R.string.empty_not_saved,
            Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
    }
}

val fab = findViewById<FloatingActionButton>(R.id.fab)
fab.setOnClickListener {
  val intent = Intent(this@MainActivity, NewWordActivity::class.java)
  startActivityForResult(intent, newWordActivityRequestCode)
}

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private val newWordActivityRequestCode = 1
    private val wordViewModel: WordViewModel by viewModels {
        WordViewModelFactory((application as WordsApplication).repository)
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        val recyclerView = findViewById<RecyclerView>(R.id.recyclerview)
        val adapter = WordListAdapter()
        recyclerView.adapter = adapter
        recyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)

        // Add an observer on the LiveData returned by getAlphabetizedWords.
        // The onChanged() method fires when the observed data changes and the activity is
        // in the foreground.
        wordViewModel.allWords.observe(owner = this) { words ->
            // Update the cached copy of the words in the adapter.
            words.let { adapter.submitList(it) }
        }

        val fab = findViewById<FloatingActionButton>(R.id.fab)
        fab.setOnClickListener {
            val intent = Intent(this@MainActivity, NewWordActivity::class.java)
            startActivityForResult(intent, newWordActivityRequestCode)
        }
    }

    override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, intentData: Intent?) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intentData)

        if (requestCode == newWordActivityRequestCode && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            intentData?.getStringExtra(NewWordActivity.EXTRA_REPLY)?.let { reply ->
                val word = Word(reply)
                wordViewModel.insert(word)
            }
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(
                applicationContext,
                R.string.empty_not_saved,
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG
            ).show()
        }
    }
}