Kotlin 高级 Android 开发 05.1：测试基础

$ git clone https://github.com/google-developer-training/advanced-android-testing.git
$ cd android-testing
$ git checkout starter_code

// A test class is just a normal class
class ExampleUnitTest {

   // Each test is annotated with @Test (this is a Junit annotation)
   @Test
   fun addition_isCorrect() {
       // Here you are checking that 4 is the same as 2+2
       assertEquals(4, 2 + 2)
   }
}

class ExampleUnitTest {

   // Each test is annotated with @Test (this is a Junit annotation)
   @Test
   fun addition_isCorrect() {
       assertEquals(4, 2 + 2)
       assertEquals(3, 1 + 1) // This should fail
   }
}

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class ExampleInstrumentedTest {
    @Test
    fun useAppContext() {
        // Context of the app under test.
        val appContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().targetContext
        assertEquals("com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.reactive",
            appContext.packageName)
    }
}

internal fun getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks: List<Task>?): StatsResult {

   val totalTasks = tasks!!.size
   val numberOfActiveTasks = tasks.count { it.isActive }
   val activePercent = 100 * numberOfActiveTasks / totalTasks
   val completePercent = 100 * (totalTasks - numberOfActiveTasks) / totalTasks

   return StatsResult(
       activeTasksPercent = activePercent.toFloat(),
       completedTasksPercent = completePercent.toFloat()
   )
  
}

data class StatsResult(val activeTasksPercent: Float, val completedTasksPercent: Float)

class StatisticsUtilsTest {

    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_noCompleted_returnsHundredZero() {
        // Create an active task

        // Call your function

        // Check the result
    }
}

// Create an active task 
val tasks = listOf<Task>(
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = false)
        )

// Call your function
val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)

// Check the result
assertEquals(result.completedTasksPercent, 0f)
assertEquals(result.activeTasksPercent, 100f)

class StatisticsUtilsTest {

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_noCompleted_returnsHundredZero() {

        // Create an active task (the false makes this active)
        val tasks = listOf<Task>(
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = false)
        )
        // Call your function
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)

        // Check the result
        assertEquals(result.completedTasksPercent, 0f)
        assertEquals(result.activeTasksPercent, 100f)
    }
}

assertEquals(result.completedTasksPercent, 0f)

// versus

assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(0f))

dependencies {
    // Other dependencies
    testImplementation "org.hamcrest:hamcrest-all:$hamcrestVersion"
}

testImplementation "org.hamcrest:hamcrest-all:$hamcrestVersion"

// REPLACE
assertEquals(result.completedTasksPercent, 0f)
assertEquals(result.activeTasksPercent, 100f)

// WITH
assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(100f))
assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(0f))

import com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.todoapp.data.Task
import org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat
import org.hamcrest.Matchers.`is`
import org.junit.Test

class StatisticsUtilsTest {

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_noCompleted_returnsHundredZero() {

        // Create an active tasks (the false makes this active)
        val tasks = listOf<Task>(
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = false)
        )
        // Call your function
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)

        // Check the result
        assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(100f))
        assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(0f))

    }
}

internal fun getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks: List<Task>?): StatsResult {

   val totalTasks = tasks!!.size
   val numberOfActiveTasks = tasks.count { it.isActive }
   val activePercent = 100 * numberOfActiveTasks / totalTasks
   val completePercent = 100 * (totalTasks - numberOfActiveTasks) / totalTasks

   return StatsResult(
       activeTasksPercent = activePercent.toFloat(),
       completedTasksPercent = completePercent.toFloat()
   )
  
}

internal fun getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks: List<Task>?): StatsResult {

    return if (tasks == null || tasks.isEmpty()) {
        StatsResult(0f, 0f)
    } else {
        val totalTasks = tasks.size
        val numberOfActiveTasks = tasks.count { it.isActive }
        StatsResult(
            activeTasksPercent = 100f * numberOfActiveTasks / tasks.size,
            completedTasksPercent = 100f * (totalTasks - numberOfActiveTasks) / tasks.size
        )
    }
}

class StatisticsUtilsTest {

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_noCompleted_returnsHundredZero {
        val tasks = listOf(
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = false)
        )
        // When the list of tasks is computed with an active task
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)

        // Then the percentages are 100 and 0
        assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(100f))
        assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(0f))
    }

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_noActive_returnsZeroHundred() {
        val tasks = listOf(
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = true)
        )
        // When the list of tasks is computed with a completed task
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)

        // Then the percentages are 0 and 100
        assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(0f))
        assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(100f))
    }

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_both_returnsFortySixty() {
        // Given 3 completed tasks and 2 active tasks
        val tasks = listOf(
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = true),
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = true),
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = true),
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = false),
            Task("title", "desc", isCompleted = false)
        )
        // When the list of tasks is computed
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)

        // Then the result is 40-60
        assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(40f))
        assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(60f))
    }

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_error_returnsZeros() {
        // When there's an error loading stats
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(null)

        // Both active and completed tasks are 0
        assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(0f))
        assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(0f))
    }

    @Test
    fun getActiveAndCompletedStats_empty_returnsZeros() {
        // When there are no tasks
        val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(emptyList())

        // Both active and completed tasks are 0
        assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, `is`(0f))
        assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, `is`(0f))
    }
}

internal fun getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks: List<Task>?): StatsResult {

    return if (tasks == null || tasks.isEmpty()) {
        StatsResult(0f, 0f)
    } else {
        val totalTasks = tasks.size
        val numberOfActiveTasks = tasks.count { it.isActive }
        StatsResult(
            activeTasksPercent = 100f * numberOfActiveTasks / tasks.size,
            completedTasksPercent = 100f * (totalTasks - numberOfActiveTasks) / tasks.size
        )
    }
}

fun addNewTask() {
   _newTaskEvent.value = Event(Unit)
}

class TasksViewModelTest {

    @Test
    fun addNewTask_setsNewTaskEvent() {

        // Given a fresh TasksViewModel


        // When adding a new task


        // Then the new task event is triggered

    }
    
}

// Given a fresh ViewModel
        val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(???)

    // AndroidX Test - JVM testing
testImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit-ktx:$androidXTestExtKotlinRunnerVersion"

testImplementation "androidx.test:core-ktx:$androidXTestCoreVersion"

testImplementation "org.robolectric:robolectric:$robolectricVersion"

@Config(sdk = [30]) // Remove when Robolectric supports SDK 31
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class TasksViewModelTest {
    // Test code
}

// Given a fresh ViewModel
val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

tasksViewModel.addNewTask()

    @Test
    fun addNewTask_setsNewTaskEvent() {

        // Given a fresh ViewModel
        val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

        // When adding a new task
        tasksViewModel.addNewTask()

        // Then the new task event is triggered
        // TODO test LiveData
    }

ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext()

    // Always show the result of every unit test when running via command line, even if it passes.
    testOptions.unitTests {
        includeAndroidResources = true

        // ... 
    }

    @Test
    fun addNewTask_setsNewTaskEvent() {

        // Given a fresh ViewModel
        val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

        // When adding a new task
        tasksViewModel.addNewTask()

        // Then the new task event is triggered
        // TODO test LiveData
    }
    

testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$archTestingVersion"

class TasksViewModelTest {
    @get:Rule
    var instantExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()
    
    // Other code...
}

viewModel.resultLiveData.observe(fragment, Observer {
    // Observer code here
})

@Test
fun addNewTask_setsNewTaskEvent() {

    // Given a fresh ViewModel
    val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())


    // Create observer - no need for it to do anything!
    val observer = Observer<Event<Unit>> {}
    try {

        // Observe the LiveData forever
        tasksViewModel.newTaskEvent.observeForever(observer)

        // When adding a new task
        tasksViewModel.addNewTask()

        // Then the new task event is triggered
        val value = tasksViewModel.newTaskEvent.value
        assertThat(value?.getContentIfNotHandled(), (not(nullValue())))

    } finally {
        // Whatever happens, don't forget to remove the observer!
        tasksViewModel.newTaskEvent.removeObserver(observer)
    }
}

import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting
import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData
import androidx.lifecycle.Observer
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException


@VisibleForTesting(otherwise = VisibleForTesting.NONE)
fun <T> LiveData<T>.getOrAwaitValue(
    time: Long = 2,
    timeUnit: TimeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS,
    afterObserve: () -> Unit = {}
): T {
    var data: T? = null
    val latch = CountDownLatch(1)
    val observer = object : Observer<T> {
        override fun onChanged(o: T?) {
            data = o
            latch.countDown()
            this@getOrAwaitValue.removeObserver(this)
        }
    }
    this.observeForever(observer)

    try {
        afterObserve.invoke()

        // Don't wait indefinitely if the LiveData is not set.
        if (!latch.await(time, timeUnit)) {
            throw TimeoutException("LiveData value was never set.")
        }

    } finally {
        this.removeObserver(observer)
    }

    @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
    return data as T
}

val value = tasksViewModel.newTaskEvent.getOrAwaitValue()

assertThat(value.getContentIfNotHandled(), (not(nullValue())))

import androidx.arch.core.executor.testing.InstantTaskExecutorRule
import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.todoapp.getOrAwaitValue
import org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat
import org.hamcrest.Matchers.not
import org.hamcrest.Matchers.nullValue
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class TasksViewModelTest {

    @get:Rule
    var instantExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()


    @Test
    fun addNewTask_setsNewTaskEvent() {
        // Given a fresh ViewModel
        val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

        // When adding a new task
        tasksViewModel.addNewTask()

        // Then the new task event is triggered
        val value = tasksViewModel.newTaskEvent.getOrAwaitValue()

        assertThat(value.getContentIfNotHandled(), not(nullValue()))


    }

}

    @Test
    fun setFilterAllTasks_tasksAddViewVisible() {

        // Given a fresh ViewModel

        // When the filter type is ALL_TASKS

        // Then the "Add task" action is visible
        
    }

    @Test
    fun setFilterAllTasks_tasksAddViewVisible() {

        // Given a fresh ViewModel
        val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

        // When the filter type is ALL_TASKS
        tasksViewModel.setFiltering(TasksFilterType.ALL_TASKS)

        // Then the "Add task" action is visible
        assertThat(tasksViewModel.tasksAddViewVisible.getOrAwaitValue(), `is`(true))
    }

        // Given a fresh ViewModel
        val tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

    // Subject under test
    private lateinit var tasksViewModel: TasksViewModel

    @Before
    fun setupViewModel() {
        tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())
    }

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class TasksViewModelTest {

    // Subject under test
    private lateinit var tasksViewModel: TasksViewModel

    // Executes each task synchronously using Architecture Components.
    @get:Rule
    var instantExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()

    @Before
    fun setupViewModel() {
        tasksViewModel = TasksViewModel(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())
    }


    @Test
    fun addNewTask_setsNewTaskEvent() {

        // When adding a new task
        tasksViewModel.addNewTask()

        // Then the new task event is triggered
        val value = tasksViewModel.newTaskEvent.getOrAwaitValue()
        assertThat(
            value?.getContentIfNotHandled(), (not(nullValue()))
        )
    }

    @Test
    fun getTasksAddViewVisible() {

        // When the filter type is ALL_TASKS
        tasksViewModel.setFiltering(TasksFilterType.ALL_TASKS)

        // Then the "Add task" action is visible
        assertThat(tasksViewModel.tasksAddViewVisible.getOrAwaitValue(), `is`(true))
    }
    
}

$ git clone https://github.com/google-developer-training/advanced-android-testing.git
$ cd android-testing
$ git checkout end_codelab_1